How to Prevent Heat Exhaustion

How to Prevent Heat Exhaustion

Heat exhaustion occurs when your body gets too hot. The hypothalamus, the part of the brain that controls thirst and hunger, also controls the body’s core temperature. Normally, the body cools itself by sweating. But if you are exposed to high temperatures for a long time (working outdoors in the summer, for example) and don’t replace the fluids you lose, the body systems that regulate temperature become overwhelmed. As a result, your body produces more heat than it can release. Heat exhaustion requires immediate attention because it can progress to heat stroke, a life-threatening illness.

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion may include:

Heavy sweating

Fatigue, weakness

Headache

Pale, clammy skin

Thirst

Heartbeat, weak and rapid

Dizziness, fainting

Nausea, vomiting

Muscle cramps

Mild temperature elevations

Breathing, fast and shallow

Certain medications that interfere with the body’s ability to cool itself, including antipsychotics, tranquilizers, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, beta-blockers, and some over-the-counter sleeping pills

Treatment

Take a cool shower or bath, drink water, rest, get into an air-conditioned environment. If the body temperature goes above 104°F, or if coma or seizure occurs, the patient may have a heat stroke. Heat stroke can quickly lead to a heart attack and/or death if not treated. Seek medical attention immediately.

Prevention

If you are working or exercising in the heat, don’t wait until you get thirsty to drink fluids. Instead, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after the activity. Stay in cool or air-conditioned spaces when possible on hot days.

Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and sugar, which can cause dehydration. Drink water or sports drinks sweetened with natural juices.

Exercise or work outdoors during cooler times of day.

Wear loose, lightweight clothing.